R Project Language and environment for statistical computing and graphics.
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statistical language computing statistical computing computer language computing environment

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Language and environment for statistical computing and graphics. R is a language and environment for statistical computing and graphics. It is a GNU project which is similar to the S language and environment which was developed at Bell Laboratories (formerly AT&T, now Lucent Technologies) by John Chambers and colleagues. R can be considered as a different implementation of S. There are some important differences, but much code written for S runs unaltered under R.R provides a wide variety of statistical (linear and nonlinear modelling, classical statistical tests, time-series analysis, classification, clustering, ...) and graphical techniques, and is highly extensible. The S language is often the vehicle of choice for research in statistical methodology, and R provides an Open Source route to participation in that activity.One of R's strengths is the ease with which well-designed publication-quality plots can be produced, including mathematical symbols and formulae where needed. Although the user retains full control the default minor design choices in graphics had been chosen with a lot of care. Requirements: · X11 system manager (optional). · Gnu g77 compiler and tcltk libraries included with the installer. What's New in This Release: Package help is now converted from Rd by the R-based converters that were first introduced in 2.9.0. This means: · Packages that were installed by R-devel after 2009-08-09 should not be used with earlier versions of R, and most aspects of package help (including the runnable examples) will be missing if they are so used. · Text, HTML and latex help and examples for packages installed under the new system are converted on-demand from stored parsed Rd files. (Conversions stored in packages installed under R < 2.10.0 are used if no parsed Rd files are found. It is recommended that such packages be re-installed.) · HTML help is now generated dynamically using an HTTP server running in the R process and listening on the loopback interface. · Those worried about security implications of such a server can disable it by setting the environment variable R_DISABLE_HTTPD to a non-empty value. This disables help.start() and HTML help (so text help is shown instead). · The Java/Javascript search engine has been replaced by an HTML interface to help.search(). help.start() no longer has an argument 'searchEngine' as it is no longer needed. · The HTML help can now locate cross-references of the form link{foo} and link{bar} where 'foo' is an alias in the package, rather than the documented (basename of a) filename (since the documentation has been much ignored). NEW FEATURES: · polygon(), pdf() and postscript() now have a parameter 'fillOddEven' (default FALSE), which controls the mode used for polygon fills of self-intersecting shapes. · New debugonce() function; further, getOption("deparse.max.lines") is now observed when debugging, from a code suggestion by John Brzustowski. (PR#13647/8) · plot() methods for "stepfun" and hence "ecdf" no longer plot points by default for n >= 1000. · sub(*, perl=TRUE) now also supports 'E' in order to *end* U and L case changes, thanks to a patch from Bill Dunlap. · factor(), `levels

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